Anakinra
IL-1 receptor antagonist
- Response rate
- Sustained efficacy up to 5 years
- Onset
- Hours–days
- Route
- SC 1-5 mg/kg/day
- Line
- 1st
- IgM effect
- Normalized within days
Evidence summary
Recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist blocking both IL-1α and IL-1β. First IL-1 blocker proven effective in CAPS (MWS 2003, NOMID 2006). FDA-approved for NOMID; EMA-approved for all CAPS. Requires daily injection. Short half-life allows rapid dose titration. Injection site reactions in up to 70% but generally manageable.
Molecular targets (2)
| Molecule | Role | Expression | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| IL-1β | Pro-inflammatory cytokine | elevated | established |
| IL-1α | Alarmin cytokine | elevated | strong |
Sources (4)
G1Goldbach-Mansky R et al. (2006) Neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease responsive to interleukin-1β inhibition · N Engl J MedPubMed ↗
G2Sibley CH et al. (2012) Sustained response and prevention of damage progression in patients with NOMID treated with anakinra: 3- and 5-year outcomes · Arthritis RheumPubMed ↗
G3Kullenberg T et al. (2016) Long-term safety profile of anakinra in patients with severe cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes · RheumatologyPubMed ↗
G5Hawkins PN et al. (2003) Interleukin-1-receptor antagonist in the Muckle-Wells syndrome · N Engl J MedPubMed ↗